# jsesc Given some data, _jsesc_ returns a stringified representation of that data. jsesc is similar to `JSON.stringify()` except: 1. it outputs JavaScript instead of JSON [by default](#json), enabling support for data structures like ES6 maps and sets; 2. it offers [many options](#api) to customize the output; 3. its output is ASCII-safe [by default](#minimal), thanks to its use of [escape sequences](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-escapes) where needed. For any input, jsesc generates the shortest possible valid printable-ASCII-only output. [Here’s an online demo.](https://mothereff.in/js-escapes) jsesc’s output can be used instead of `JSON.stringify`’s to avoid [mojibake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mojibake) and other encoding issues, or even to [avoid errors](https://twitter.com/annevk/status/380000829643571200) when passing JSON-formatted data (which may contain U+2028 LINE SEPARATOR, U+2029 PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR, or [lone surrogates](https://esdiscuss.org/topic/code-points-vs-unicode-scalar-values#content-14)) to a JavaScript parser or an UTF-8 encoder. ## Installation Via [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/): ```bash npm install jsesc ``` In [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/): ```js const jsesc = require('jsesc'); ``` ## API ### `jsesc(value, options)` This function takes a value and returns an escaped version of the value where any characters that are not printable ASCII symbols are escaped using the shortest possible (but valid) [escape sequences for use in JavaScript strings](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-escapes). The first supported value type is strings: ```js jsesc('Ich ♥ Bücher'); // → 'Ich \\u2665 B\\xFCcher' jsesc('foo 𝌆 bar'); // → 'foo \\uD834\\uDF06 bar' ``` Instead of a string, the `value` can also be an array, an object, a map, a set, or a buffer. In such cases, `jsesc` returns a stringified version of the value where any characters that are not printable ASCII symbols are escaped in the same way. ```js // Escaping an array jsesc([ 'Ich ♥ Bücher', 'foo 𝌆 bar' ]); // → '[\'Ich \\u2665 B\\xFCcher\',\'foo \\uD834\\uDF06 bar\']' // Escaping an object jsesc({ 'Ich ♥ Bücher': 'foo 𝌆 bar' }); // → '{\'Ich \\u2665 B\\xFCcher\':\'foo \\uD834\\uDF06 bar\'}' ``` The optional `options` argument accepts an object with the following options: #### `quotes` The default value for the `quotes` option is `'single'`. This means that any occurrences of `'` in the input string are escaped as `\'`, so that the output can be used in a string literal wrapped in single quotes. ```js jsesc('`Lorem` ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.'); // → 'Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \\\'amet\\\' etc.' jsesc('`Lorem` ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.', { 'quotes': 'single' }); // → '`Lorem` ipsum "dolor" sit \\\'amet\\\' etc.' // → "`Lorem` ipsum \"dolor\" sit \\'amet\\' etc." ``` If you want to use the output as part of a string literal wrapped in double quotes, set the `quotes` option to `'double'`. ```js jsesc('`Lorem` ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.', { 'quotes': 'double' }); // → '`Lorem` ipsum \\"dolor\\" sit \'amet\' etc.' // → "`Lorem` ipsum \\\"dolor\\\" sit 'amet' etc." ``` If you want to use the output as part of a template literal (i.e. wrapped in backticks), set the `quotes` option to `'backtick'`. ```js jsesc('`Lorem` ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.', { 'quotes': 'backtick' }); // → '\\`Lorem\\` ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.' // → "\\`Lorem\\` ipsum \"dolor\" sit 'amet' etc." // → `\\\`Lorem\\\` ipsum "dolor" sit 'amet' etc.` ``` This setting also affects the output for arrays and objects: ```js jsesc({ 'Ich ♥ Bücher': 'foo 𝌆 bar' }, { 'quotes': 'double' }); // → '{"Ich \\u2665 B\\xFCcher":"foo \\uD834\\uDF06 bar"}' jsesc([ 'Ich ♥ Bücher', 'foo 𝌆 bar' ], { 'quotes': 'double' }); // → '["Ich \\u2665 B\\xFCcher","foo \\uD834\\uDF06 bar"]' ``` #### `numbers` The default value for the `numbers` option is `'decimal'`. This means that any numeric values are represented using decimal integer literals. Other valid options are `binary`, `octal`, and `hexadecimal`, which result in binary integer literals, octal integer literals, and hexadecimal integer literals, respectively. ```js jsesc(42, { 'numbers': 'binary' }); // → '0b101010' jsesc(42, { 'numbers': 'octal' }); // → '0o52' jsesc(42, { 'numbers': 'decimal' }); // → '42' jsesc(42, { 'numbers': 'hexadecimal' }); // → '0x2A' ``` #### `wrap` The `wrap` option takes a boolean value (`true` or `false`), and defaults to `false` (disabled). When enabled, the output is a valid JavaScript string literal wrapped in quotes. The type of quotes can be specified through the `quotes` setting. ```js jsesc('Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.', { 'quotes': 'single', 'wrap': true }); // → '\'Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \\\'amet\\\' etc.\'' // → "\'Lorem ipsum \"dolor\" sit \\\'amet\\\' etc.\'" jsesc('Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.', { 'quotes': 'double', 'wrap': true }); // → '"Lorem ipsum \\"dolor\\" sit \'amet\' etc."' // → "\"Lorem ipsum \\\"dolor\\\" sit \'amet\' etc.\"" ``` #### `es6` The `es6` option takes a boolean value (`true` or `false`), and defaults to `false` (disabled). When enabled, any astral Unicode symbols in the input are escaped using [ECMAScript 6 Unicode code point escape sequences](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-escapes#unicode-code-point) instead of using separate escape sequences for each surrogate half. If backwards compatibility with ES5 environments is a concern, don’t enable this setting. If the `json` setting is enabled, the value for the `es6` setting is ignored (as if it was `false`). ```js // By default, the `es6` option is disabled: jsesc('foo 𝌆 bar 💩 baz'); // → 'foo \\uD834\\uDF06 bar \\uD83D\\uDCA9 baz' // To explicitly disable it: jsesc('foo 𝌆 bar 💩 baz', { 'es6': false }); // → 'foo \\uD834\\uDF06 bar \\uD83D\\uDCA9 baz' // To enable it: jsesc('foo 𝌆 bar 💩 baz', { 'es6': true }); // → 'foo \\u{1D306} bar \\u{1F4A9} baz' ``` #### `escapeEverything` The `escapeEverything` option takes a boolean value (`true` or `false`), and defaults to `false` (disabled). When enabled, all the symbols in the output are escaped — even printable ASCII symbols. ```js jsesc('lolwat"foo\'bar', { 'escapeEverything': true }); // → '\\x6C\\x6F\\x6C\\x77\\x61\\x74\\"\\x66\\x6F\\x6F\\\'\\x62\\x61\\x72' // → "\\x6C\\x6F\\x6C\\x77\\x61\\x74\\\"\\x66\\x6F\\x6F\\'\\x62\\x61\\x72" ``` This setting also affects the output for string literals within arrays and objects. #### `minimal` The `minimal` option takes a boolean value (`true` or `false`), and defaults to `false` (disabled). When enabled, only a limited set of symbols in the output are escaped: * U+0000 `\0` * U+0008 `\b` * U+0009 `\t` * U+000A `\n` * U+000C `\f` * U+000D `\r` * U+005C `\\` * U+2028 `\u2028` * U+2029 `\u2029` * whatever symbol is being used for wrapping string literals (based on [the `quotes` option](#quotes)) * [lone surrogates](https://esdiscuss.org/topic/code-points-vs-unicode-scalar-values#content-14) Note: with this option enabled, jsesc output is no longer guaranteed to be ASCII-safe. ```js jsesc('foo\u2029bar\nbaz©qux𝌆flops', { 'minimal': false }); // → 'foo\\u2029bar\\nbaz©qux𝌆flops' ``` #### `isScriptContext` The `isScriptContext` option takes a boolean value (`true` or `false`), and defaults to `false` (disabled). When enabled, occurrences of [`` or `

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-	LICENSE-MIT.txt	1077		txt	2025-10-15 10:07:54
-	README.md	14215		md	2025-10-15 10:07:54
-	jsesc.js	8908		js	2025-10-15 10:07:54
-	package.json	1359		json	2025-10-15 10:07:54

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